Optical instruments



Optical power $$P=\frac{\tan \alpha_2}{y_1}$$

Magnification $$G=\frac{\tan \alpha_2}{\tan \alpha_1}$$

Comercial magnification $$G_c=\frac{P}{4}$$

Magnifying glass $$P=C$$

$$G=\frac{P}{4}=P*D_{min}$$

$$D_{min}$$ - the minimum viewing distance of the receptor

Microscope $$P=eC_1C_2$$

$$G=\frac{e}{C_1}{C_2}$$

$$e$$ distance objective-ocular

Maximum resolution microscope $$d=\frac{\lambda}{2NA}$$

$$\lambda$$ - wavelength of the light

$$NA=n \sin \theta$$ - numerical aperture

$$\theta$$ half-angle of the maximum cone of light that can enter or exit the lens

Refracting telescope $$G=P_{oc}*f_{ob}=\frac{f_{ob}}{f_{oc}}$$